Рубидијум
37
Rb
Група
1
Периода
5
Блок
s
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
37
37
48
Општа својства
Атомски број
37
Атомска маса
85,4678
Масени број
85
Категорија
Алкални метали
Боја
Сребрена
Радиоактиван
Не
From the Latin word rubidus, deepest red
Кристална структура
Просторноцентрична Кубична
Историја
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Електрони по љусци
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Електронска конфигурација
[Kr] 5s1
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Физичка својства
Стање
Чвсрто
Густина
1,532 g/cm3
Температура топљења
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Температура кључања
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Топлота топљења
2,19 kJ/mol
Топлота испаравања
72 kJ/mol
Специфична топлота
0,363 J/g·K
Заступљеност у Земљиној кори
0,006%
Заступљеност у Космосу
1×10-6%
CAS број
7440-17-7
ПубЦхем ЦИД број
5357696
Атомска својства
Атомски радијус
248 pm
Ковалентни радијус
220 pm
Електронегативност
0,82 (Полингова скала)
Јонизујући потенцијал
4,1771 eV
Молска запремина
55,9 cm3/mol
Топлотна проводљивост
0,582 W/cm·K
Оксидациона стања
-1, 1
Примена
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
85RbНестабилни изотопи
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb