Талијум
81
Tl
Група
13
Периода
6
Блок
p
Протони
Електрони
Неутрони
81
81
123
Општа својства
Атомски број
81
Атомска маса
204,3833
Масени број
204
Категорија
Пост-прелазни метали
Боја
Сребрена
Радиоактиван
Не
From Greek thallos, meanin a green shoot or twig
Кристална структура
Једноставни Хескагонал
Историја
Thallium was discovered spectroscopically by Sir William Crookes in 1861, in London.
In 1862, Claude-Auguste Lamy used a spectrometer to determine the composition of a selenium-containing substance which was deposited during the production of sulfuric acid from pyrite.
He noticed the new green line in the spectra and concluded that a new element was present.
In 1862, Claude-Auguste Lamy used a spectrometer to determine the composition of a selenium-containing substance which was deposited during the production of sulfuric acid from pyrite.
He noticed the new green line in the spectra and concluded that a new element was present.
Електрони по љусци
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3
Електронска конфигурација
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
Agatha Christie made use of thallium's toxicity in her novel The Pale Horse
Физичка својства
Стање
Чвсрто
Густина
11,85 g/cm3
Температура топљења
577,15 K | 304 °C | 579,2 °F
Температура кључања
1746,15 K | 1473 °C | 2683,4 °F
Топлота топљења
4,2 kJ/mol
Топлота испаравања
165 kJ/mol
Специфична топлота
0,129 J/g·K
Заступљеност у Земљиној кори
0,000053%
Заступљеност у Космосу
5×10-8%
CAS број
7440-28-0
ПубЦхем ЦИД број
5359464
Атомска својства
Атомски радијус
170 pm
Ковалентни радијус
145 pm
Електронегативност
1,62 (Полингова скала)
Јонизујући потенцијал
6,1082 eV
Молска запремина
17,2 cm3/mol
Топлотна проводљивост
0,461 W/cm·K
Оксидациона стања
1, 3
Примена
Thallium selenide has been used in a bolometer for infrared detection.
Thallium is also used in gamma radiation detection equipment.
Thallium oxide has been used to produce glasses with a high index of refraction, and is used in the manufacture of photo cells.
Some of the electrodes in dissolved oxygen analyzers contain thallium.
Thallium is also used in gamma radiation detection equipment.
Thallium oxide has been used to produce glasses with a high index of refraction, and is used in the manufacture of photo cells.
Some of the electrodes in dissolved oxygen analyzers contain thallium.
Thallium and its compounds are highly toxic
Изотопи
Стабилни изотопи
203Tl, 205TlНестабилни изотопи
176Tl, 177Tl, 178Tl, 179Tl, 180Tl, 181Tl, 182Tl, 183Tl, 184Tl, 185Tl, 186Tl, 187Tl, 188Tl, 189Tl, 190Tl, 191Tl, 192Tl, 193Tl, 194Tl, 195Tl, 196Tl, 197Tl, 198Tl, 199Tl, 200Tl, 201Tl, 202Tl, 204Tl, 206Tl, 207Tl, 208Tl, 209Tl, 210Tl, 211Tl, 212Tl